---
title: "Wood vs. Metal Laboratory Casework: A Practical Guide"
meta_title: "Wood vs. Metal Laboratory Casework | Pros, Cons & Use Cases"
meta_description: "A clear guide comparing wood vs. metal laboratory casework. Explore durability, cost, chemical resistance, and find the best fit for your lab's needs."
featured_image:
url: "https://cdn.labs-usa.com/assets/wood-vs-metal-laboratory-casework.jpg"
alt: "A split-view laboratory with warm wood casework on one side and sleek metal casework on the other, demonstrating the visual and functional differences."
---
Choosing the right material for your lab's [casework](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-furniture/casework/) is a foundational decision. This choice is not just about looks. It is a critical choice that directly impacts daily operations, safety, and your long-term budget. The two main options are wood and metal. The best fit depends on the work you do in your lab every day.
Metal is the clear choice for wet labs and areas with heavy chemical use due to its durability. On the other hand, wood offers a cost-effective and classic feel. This makes it a great pick for dry labs focused on instrumentation or electronics. Getting this choice right from the start will define your lab's efficiency for years to come.
> **TL;DR: The Bottom Line**
>
> * **Metal Casework:** The best choice for wet labs, clinical settings, and anywhere chemical resistance and sterility are top priorities. It offers superior durability, fire resistance, and a longer lifespan, leading to a lower total cost of ownership.
> * **Wood Casework:** A cost-effective solution ideal for dry labs, classrooms, and instrumentation rooms. It provides a traditional aesthetic but is more vulnerable to moisture, harsh chemicals, and physical damage.
> * **The Decision:** Your choice should be based on your lab's daily workflow, chemical usage, and long-term budget. Metal provides ultimate durability, while wood offers a lower initial cost for less demanding environments.
## Key Differences Between Wood and Metal Casework
When you design a lab, picking your casework material is a critical first step. This decision affects everything from chemical resistance and furniture life to your budget and the space's overall feel. To make the right call, you must understand the core trade-offs between wood and metal.
A large part of this is how your casework choice supports [safe chemical storage practices](https://nextsds.com/blog/where-should-chemicals-be-stored/). The material must be able to handle the specific substances you work with daily.
### Core Material Trade-Offs
Metal casework, usually powder-coated steel, is the standard for its superior resistance to moisture, heat, and many chemicals. Its non-porous surface is easy to sterilize. This is why it is common in demanding environments such as:
* Clinical and healthcare labs
* Pharmaceutical research and quality control
* Wet chemistry environments
Wood casework, typically made from oak or maple veneers, brings a more traditional look and a warmer feel to a lab. While it is always treated with a chemical-resistant finish, it is more vulnerable to harsh chemicals, scratches, and moisture damage. It works best in dry lab settings.
The decision often comes down to the application. If your lab handles corrosive materials or requires frequent deep cleaning, the durability of steel is a clear advantage. For electronics labs or instrument rooms, the lower cost of wood may be more practical.
### A Quick Comparison
To understand the key differences, here is a simple breakdown of how wood and metal compare.
| Factor | Metal Casework | Wood Casework |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Best For** | Wet labs, high-chemical use, sterile environments | Dry labs, electronics, instrumentation rooms |
| **Durability** | High resistance to heat, chemicals, and moisture | Susceptible to scratches, moisture, and warping |
| **Initial Cost** | Higher | Lower |
| **Lifecycle Value** | Excellent due to longevity and low maintenance | Lower due to potential repairs and shorter lifespan |
Ultimately, choosing between wood and metal is not a one-size-fits-all answer. It requires a close look at your lab’s daily workflow. By weighing these factors against your specific needs, you can select casework that provides a safe, efficient, and durable foundation.
## Comparing Material Properties and Performance
When you decide between wood and metal casework, the choice comes down to material performance. How a material stands up to the daily work of your lab determines its long-term value. Durability, load capacity, and resistance to moisture and heat are critical for safety and smooth operations.
Here, we will break down how wood and metal stack up across these key performance metrics. Understanding these differences helps match your lab's needs with the right material.
### Durability and Load-Bearing Capacity
The structural integrity of your casework is fundamental. It must support heavy equipment every day without issue.
**Metal Casework (Steel)**
Powder-coated steel casework is a workhorse known for its high tensile strength and durability. It resists dents, impacts, and warping. This makes it a solid choice for demanding, high-traffic labs. The construction of steel cabinets allows them to hold significant weight without sagging.
* **Load Capacity:** Steel casework typically supports loads up to 1,000 lbs per linear foot.
* **Structural Integrity:** Welded or bolted steel frames keep their shape and strength for decades.
* **Surface Hardness:** The powder-coated finish provides a hard, scratch-resistant surface.
**Wood Casework**
Wood casework offers decent durability for certain applications. But it is naturally softer than steel and more prone to scratches and dents.
Wood’s vulnerability to physical damage is a key point to consider. While finishes add protection, a deep scratch can break the seal and expose the porous wood. This creates a spot for contamination or moisture to enter.
### Chemical and Moisture Resistance
Your lab's operations will dictate the level of chemical and moisture resistance you need. This is often the biggest deciding factor.
**Metal Casework**
The main advantage of steel is that it’s non-porous. A good powder coat finish creates a seamless barrier that liquids cannot penetrate. This makes cleanup and decontamination simple.
* **Chemical Resistance:** Highly resistant to most acids, bases, and solvents.
* **Moisture Resistance:** Impervious to water and high humidity, which prevents rust.
* **Ease of Cleaning:** Spills can be wiped away completely without soaking in.
**Wood Casework**
Modern wood casework is treated with chemical-resistant finishes, but it is still a porous material. If that finish is compromised, the wood underneath can absorb liquids. That can lead to swelling and delamination. It is also important to understand the properties of different [laboratory work surfaces](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-work-surfaces/), as that is where most direct contact happens.
### Fire Resistance
Fire safety is non-negotiable in any lab. Your choice of casework material plays a big part in preventing fire spread.
* **Metal:** Steel is non-combustible. It will not add fuel to a fire. It helps contain flames and holds its structure longer under extreme heat.
* **Wood:** Wood is a combustible material. Even when treated with fire-retardant chemicals, it will eventually burn when exposed to a direct flame.
This difference alone makes steel the clear winner for any lab where flammable materials are used regularly.
## How to Choose the Right Laboratory Casework: A 5-Step Checklist
Choosing between wood and metal casework is a foundational decision. A systematic approach ensures you consider all critical details. This five-step checklist will guide you to a confident purchase.
### Step 1: Assess Your Lab’s Chemical and Physical Demands
First, inventory all chemicals, solvents, and cleaning agents used in your lab. Note their frequency of use and the potential for spills. Then, consider the physical demands. Will casework support heavy equipment? Is it in a high-traffic area? A clear picture of these daily stressors is crucial.
### Step 2: Define Your Budget and Lifecycle Expectations
Know your upfront budget for casework and installation. However, also project the total cost of ownership over a 15-to-20-year period. While wood may have a lower initial cost, metal's longevity often results in a lower total cost. Metal casework can last 25-30 years, while wood's lifespan is typically 10-15 years.
### Step 3: Evaluate Your Workflow and Flexibility Needs
Consider how your team works. Are your processes fixed, or do they evolve?
* **Fixed Casework:** Wood is usually installed as a permanent fixture, suitable for established workflows like in a teaching lab.
* **Modular Casework:** Metal is often modular and mobile, offering flexibility to reconfigure layouts as research priorities shift.
### Step 4: Review Compliance and Safety Standards
Ensure any casework you consider is SEFA 8 compliant. This is the industry standard for durability, safety, and chemical resistance. Also, consider fire resistance. Steel is non-combustible, providing a critical layer of safety for labs using flammables. You can find detailed technical information by reviewing our [laboratory casework specifications](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-casework-specifications/).
### Step 5: Consult with a Lab Design Specialist
Finally, work with a lab design specialist. They can translate your requirements into practical layouts, confirm code compliance, and ensure your final choice is optimized for your workflow. Expert guidance early on prevents costly mistakes.
## Analyzing Cost Lifecycle and Installation
When you choose casework, the decision goes beyond the initial price. You must consider the total cost of ownership, installation complexity, and future flexibility. Getting this right aligns your new lab with your budget and long-term plans.
### Initial Investment vs. Total Cost of Ownership
The upfront cost is only one piece of the puzzle. The total cost of ownership includes the purchase, maintenance, repairs, and eventual replacement.
**Wood casework** often has a lower initial price. However, its vulnerability to moisture and wear can mean higher maintenance costs. Repairs can become a regular expense, shortening its useful life.
**Metal casework** typically has a higher upfront cost but often delivers a better return on investment. Its durability means you'll spend less on repairs over a longer lifespan. This resilience translates to a more predictable budget.
Choosing casework based on initial cost alone can be a mistake. A cheaper option that needs frequent repairs might end up costing more than a durable alternative.
### Installation and Project Timelines
The installation process can impact your project timeline. Delays can push back your lab's opening.
**Metal casework** is typically a modular system. Components are built to precise dimensions, which makes on-site assembly faster and more predictable. This modular approach also makes future reconfigurations easier. As your lab’s needs change, metal cabinets and [lab workstations and tables](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-furniture/lab-workstations-and-tables/) can be easily moved or modified.
**Wood casework** installation can be more involved. It often requires more on-site cutting and fitting, adding time and labor costs. Changes later on can be a much bigger job.
A final piece of advice is to secure your casework materials early. With current demand, proactive planning is the best way to ensure the furniture you want is available. This step can prevent costly delays.
## Matching Casework to Your Lab: 5 Use-Case Scenarios
Choosing between wood and metal casework is a practical decision. Different settings have different requirements. The best way to decide is to look at real-world applications.
https://www.youtube.com/embed/N-0_1JTrJ5Q
### Scenario 1: University Chemistry Teaching Lab
University chemistry labs are high-traffic zones with budget constraints. Spills are a given, but reagents are often less aggressive.
* **Environment:** Moderate chemical exposure, high physical traffic, and budget-sensitivity.
* **Recommendation:** **Wood Casework**.
* **Reasoning:** Modern wood casework with a chemical-resistant finish offers enough protection for a teaching environment. Its lower upfront cost is a major benefit for institutions.
### Scenario 2: Pharmaceutical Quality Control Lab
A pharma QC lab operates under strict cleanliness protocols and constant exposure to potent solvents. There is zero tolerance for contamination.
* **Environment:** Harsh chemical exposure, sterile requirements, and frequent, intensive cleaning.
* **Recommendation:** **Metal Casework**.
* **Reasoning:** Powder-coated steel is non-porous and withstands aggressive chemicals and sterilization. Its seamless surface prevents microbial growth and is easy to decontaminate. For the most demanding sterile environments, you may want to explore options like our [stainless steel laboratory casework](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-furniture/casework/stainless-steel-laboratory-casework/).
### Scenario 3: Electronics and Instrumentation Lab
A "dry lab" focused on electronics is largely free from chemical spills. The top priorities are sturdy, static-dissipative surfaces for heavy, delicate equipment.
* **Environment:** Dry conditions, minimal chemical use, need for ESD (electrostatic dissipative) surfaces.
* **Recommendation:** **Wood Casework with ESD Laminate Tops**.
* **Reasoning:** The cost-effectiveness of wood makes it a practical choice here. Wood provides a solid base for sensitive instruments. Paired with specialized ESD laminate countertops, it creates a safe, static-free workspace.
### Scenario 4: A Modular Research and Development Facility
An R&D lab needs to be nimble. Research priorities can pivot quickly, requiring lab reconfigurations.
* **Environment:** Evolving workflows, need for flexibility, and frequent layout changes.
* **Recommendation:** **Mobile Metal Casework**.
* **Reasoning:** In a dynamic research setting, fixed casework is a limitation. Mobile metal casework on casters allows researchers to rearrange benches and cabinets easily. This modular approach allows the lab to evolve without costly remodels.
### Scenario 5: Clinical Diagnostic Lab
These labs handle biological samples and require frequent disinfection. Preventing cross-contamination is paramount. Casework must be durable and easy to clean.
* **Environment:** Biological hazards, frequent cleaning with disinfectants, high-throughput workflow.
* **Recommendation:** **Metal Casework**.
* **Reasoning:** Steel’s non-porous surface is essential for infection control. It can be wiped down with harsh disinfectants like bleach without degrading. This ensures a sterile environment for accurate diagnostic testing.
## Making the Final Call: Wood vs. Metal
The right choice between wood and metal casework depends entirely on your lab's daily work, budget, and safety protocols. A careful look at your own environment is the only way to build a functional and cost-effective lab.
### Why Deciding Early Matters
A well-thought-out project is your best defense against expensive retrofits. Planning ahead also secures your spot in the production queue.
With current demand for both wood and metal systems, locking in your material choices early is crucial for hitting deadlines. Starting the conversation now ensures you get a full range of options without the headache of delays. This helps get your lab running on schedule.
To get started, our team is ready to help. We can provide detailed layouts and expert guidance to select the perfect [laboratory casework](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-furniture/casework/) solution for your space.
Let us help you weigh your options and design a lab that’s built for your exact needs.
For a free layout and quote, call us at **801-855-8560** or email Sales@Labs-USA.com.
## Common Questions About Lab Casework
Choosing between wood and metal casework brings up many questions. Here are clear, straightforward answers to help you make the right call.
### 1. Can wood casework be used in a chemical lab?
Yes, but it depends on the lab type. Wood casework is a practical choice for labs with light chemical use, such as physics or electronics labs. Today's wood cabinets have a chemical-resistant finish for minor spills. However, for a wet chemistry lab with constant, harsh chemical exposure, metal is the better choice.
### 2. What is SEFA 8 compliance and why does it matter?
SEFA 8 is a testing protocol from the Scientific Equipment and Furniture Association. It is not a certification but a test of a product's ability to withstand a lab environment. SEFA 8 compliance ensures the casework has been tested for load capacity, finish durability, and structural integrity. Always check the [laboratory casework specifications](https://labs-usa.com/laboratory-casework-specifications/) to verify compliance.
### 3. How long does laboratory casework actually last?
Lifespan depends on the material, use, and maintenance. With proper care, metal casework can last 20 years or more. Wood casework generally has a shorter lifespan, around 10 to 15 years. Its longevity depends on controlling humidity and limiting exposure to moisture and chemicals.
### 4. Is painted steel resistant to rust and corrosion?
Modern metal casework is powder-coated, not painted. Powder coating is a process where a dry powder is electrostatically bonded to the steel and cured under heat. This creates a hard, seamless finish that is more durable than conventional paint. It resists chipping, scratching, chemicals, and moisture, which prevents rust.
### 5. How does casework material affect lab flexibility?
Your choice impacts how easily your lab can adapt. Wood casework is almost always a fixed, permanent fixture. It is perfect for established workflows. Metal casework is often designed to be modular. This provides flexibility to reconfigure cabinets and mobile units as research needs change.
### 6. Which is easier to install: wood or metal casework?
Metal casework is generally easier and faster to install. It is manufactured as a modular system with precise parts, making on-site assembly straightforward. Wood casework installation can be more labor-intensive, often requiring more custom fitting and on-site adjustments.
### 7. Can I mix wood and metal casework in the same lab?
Absolutely. A hybrid layout lets you get the best of both worlds. You can use durable metal casework for wet and high-chemical zones, then use wood for dry workstations and administrative offices. This approach helps optimize your budget without compromising safety.
